Effectiveness of adding a defibrillator with cardiac resynchronization therapy in heart failure according to the modified Model for End-stage Liver Disease-Albumin score

Abstract

Abstract Current guidelines lack clear recommendations between the implantation of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) with defibrillator (CRT-D) and CRT with pacemaker (CRT-P). We hypothesized that modified model for end-stage liver disease score including albumin (MELD-Albumin score), could be used to select patients who may not benefit from CRT-D. We consecutively included patients with CRT-P or CRT-D implantation between 2010 and 2022. The primary endpoint was the composite of all-cause mortality or worsening heart failure. We performed multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazard regression. We assessed the interaction between the MELD-Albumin score and the effect of adding a defibrillator with CRT.A total of 752 patients were included in this study, with 291 implanted CRT-P. During a median follow-up of 880 days, 205 patients reached the primary endpoint. MELD-Albumin score was significantly associated with the primary endpoint in the CRT-D group [HR 1.16 (1.09–1.24); P < 0.001] but not in the CRT-P group [HR 1.03 (0.95–1.12); P = 0.49]. There was a significant interaction between the MELD-Albumin score and the effect of CRTD (P = 0.013). The optimal cut-off value of the MELD-Albumin score was 12. For patients with MELD-Albumin ≥ 12, CRT-D was associated with a higher occurrence of the primary endpoint [HR 1.99 (1.10–3.58); P = 0.02], whereas not in patients with MELD-Albumin < 12 [HR 1.19 (0.83–1.70); P = 0.35). Our findings suggest that CRT-D is associated with an excess risk of composite clinical endpoints in HF patients with higher MELD-Albumin score.