Standardized Anatomic and Regenerative Facial Fat Grafting: Objective Photometric Evaluation 1 to 19 Months After Injectable Tissue Replacement and Regeneration

Abstract

Abstract Background A standardized technique for facial fat grafting, injectable tissue replacement and regeneration (ITR2), incorporating new regenerative approaches, was developed to address anatomic volume losses in superficial and deep fat compartments as well as skin aging. Objectives The aim of this study was to track the short- and long-term effects of facial fat grafting by ITR2 in the midfacial zone over 19 months. Methods Twenty-nine females were analyzed for midfacial volume changes after autologous fat transfer with ITR2 with varying fat parcel sizes. Volumes were evaluated with an imaging system to calculate differences between a predefined, 3-dimensional midfacial zone measured preoperatively and after fat grafting. Results Patient data were analyzed collectively and by age (<55 and >55 years). Collective analysis revealed a trend of initial volume loss during Months 1 to 7 followed by an increase during Months 8 to 19, averaging 56.6% postoperative gain, and ending at an average of 52.3% gain in volume by 14 to 19 months. A similar trend was observed for patients <55 years of age, with a 54.1% average postoperative gain and a greater final average of 75.2%. Conversely, patients >55 years of age revealed a linear decay from 60.6% to 29.5%. Multiple regression analysis revealed no statistically significant influence of weight change throughout the study. Conclusions A dynamic change in facial volume was observed, with an initial decrease in facial volume followed by a rebound effect, by 19 months after treatment, of improved facial volume regardless of the amount of fat injected. Volume improvement was greater in patients <55 years old, whereas in patients >55 years old, volume gradually decreased. This study represents the first time that progressive improvement in facial volume has been shown 19 months after treatment. Level of Evidence: 4