Correlates of Elevated C-Reactive Protein Among Black Older Adults: Evidence From the Health and Retirement Study

Author:

Farmer Heather R1ORCID,Thomas Tobin Courtney S2ORCID,Thorpe Roland J3

Affiliation:

1. Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, University of Delaware , Newark, Delaware , USA

2. Department of Community Health Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles , Los Angeles, California , USA

3. Program for Research on Men’s Health, Hopkins Center for Health Disparities Solutions , Baltimore, Maryland , USA

Abstract

Abstract Objectives Substantial evidence documents gender and racial disparities in C-reactive protein (CRP), a measure of systemic inflammation, among older adults. Yet, the comparative approaches of these studies may obscure distinct risk and protective factors associated with elevated CRP among older Black Americans. To pinpoint opportunities for intervention, this study utilizes a “within-group approach” to identify the sociodemographic, psychosocial, behavioral, and health-related correlates of elevated CRP among older Black women and men. Method The sample consisted of 2,420 Black respondents aged 51 and older in the Health and Retirement Study (2006–2016). Gender-stratified, random effects logistic regression models were used to examine correlates of elevated CRP (>3.0 mg/L). Results More than 50% of Black women had elevated CRP, and younger age, Medicaid, lower mastery, religiosity, overweight/obesity, physical inactivity, and activities of daily living (ADLs) contributed to elevated CRP among this group. In contrast, elevated CRP was reported among only 37.25% of Black men, for whom financial distress was associated with lower odds of elevated CRP; religiosity, less neighborhood cohesion, current smoking, overweight/obesity, ADLs, and more chronic conditions were associated with greater odds of elevated CRP among this group. Discussion Sociodemographic factors had a limited association with elevated CRP among older Black Americans. Rather, a range of psychosocial, behavioral, and health-related factors were more influential determinants of elevated CRP among older Black Americans. Most notably, findings demonstrate distinct correlates of CRP among Black women and men, underscoring the critical need to further evaluate the risk and protective mechanisms undergirding disparities among this aging population.

Funder

National Institute on Aging

National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Geriatrics and Gerontology,Gerontology,Clinical Psychology,Social Psychology

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