Meiotic Drive of Chromosomal Knobs Reshaped the Maize Genome

Author:

Buckler Edward S1,Phelps-Durr Tara L2,Buckler Carlyn S Keith2,Dawe R Kelly3,Doebley John F4,Holtsford Timothy P2

Affiliation:

1. USDA-ARS, Department of Genetics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7614

2. Division of Biological Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211

3. Department of Botany and Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602

4. Department of Plant Biology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108

Abstract

Abstract Meiotic drive is the subversion of meiosis so that particular genes are preferentially transmitted to the progeny. Meiotic drive generally causes the preferential segregation of small regions of the genome; however, in maize we propose that meiotic drive is responsible for the evolution of large repetitive DNA arrays on all chromosomes. A maize meiotic drive locus found on an uncommon form of chromosome 10 [abnormal 10 (Ab10)] may be largely responsible for the evolution of heterochromatic chromosomal knobs, which can confer meiotic drive potential to every maize chromosome. Simulations were used to illustrate the dynamics of this meiotic drive model and suggest knobs might be deleterious in the absence of Ab10. Chromosomal knob data from maize's wild relatives (Zea mays ssp. parviglumis and mexicana) and phylogenetic comparisons demonstrated that the evolution of knob size, frequency, and chromosomal position agreed with the meiotic drive hypothesis. Knob chromosomal position was incompatible with the hypothesis that knob repetitive DNA is neutral or slightly deleterious to the genome. We also show that environmental factors and transposition may play a role in the evolution of knobs. Because knobs occur at multiple locations on all maize chromosomes, the combined effects of meiotic drive and genetic linkage may have reshaped genetic diversity throughout the maize genome in response to the presence of Ab10. Meiotic drive may be a major force of genome evolution, allowing revolutionary changes in genome structure and diversity over short evolutionary periods.

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Genetics

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