Shaping transverse-tubules: central mechanisms that play a role in the cytosol zoning for muscle contraction

Author:

Kawaguchi Kohei1,Fujita Naonobu12

Affiliation:

1. Tokyo Institute of Technology Cell Biology Center, Institute of Innovative Research, , 4259 S2-11 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan

2. Tokyo Institute of Technology Graduate School of Life Science and Technology, , 4259 S2-11 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan

Abstract

Abstract A transverse-tubule (T-tubule) is an invagination of the plasma membrane penetrating deep into muscle cells. An extensive membrane network of T-tubules is crucial for rapid and synchronized signal transmission from the cell surface to the entire sarcoplasmic reticulum for Ca2+ release, leading to muscle contraction. T-tubules are also indispensable for the formation and positioning of other muscle organelles. Their structure and physiological roles are relatively well established; however, the mechanisms shaping T-tubules require further elucidation. Centronuclear myopathy (CNM), an inherited muscular disorder, accompanies structural defects in T-tubules. Membrane traffic-related genes, including MTM1 (Myotubularin 1), DNM2 (Dynamin 2), and BIN1 (Bridging Integrator-1), were identified as causative genes of CNM. In addition, causative genes for other muscle diseases are also reported to be involved in the formation and maintenance of T-tubules. This review summarizes current knowledge on the mechanisms of how T-tubule formation and maintenance is regulated.

Funder

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B) from the MEXT

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Molecular Biology,Biochemistry,General Medicine

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