Analysis of the Cause of Cartilage Warping in the Rhinoplasty of Costal Cartilage and Application of Embed-In Graft in Revisional Surgery

Abstract

Abstract Background It is undeniable that costal cartilage is an excellent source of grafts, however it has some potential disadvantages, including a tendency to warp. There are very few studies that have examined how to resolve preexisting cartilage warping during secondary revisional surgery. Objectives The aim of this study was to explore causes of cartilage warping other than the cartilage itself and ways to correct cartilage warping during revisional surgery. Methods In the present study, cases of cartilage warping in the past 5 years were retrospectively reviewed, and external factors of cartilage warping were evaluated to help design new cartilage grafts that could be employed to repair cartilage deformities. Results A total of 29 females and 3 males between the ages of 18 and 60 years participated in the study (average age, 32.5 years). In all cases, embed-in grafts were utilized to correct warping. All patients were satisfied with the results. As a result of our research, we found that another external cause of cartilage warping was the hump that was not removed completely during the initial surgery. Conclusions Incomplete removal of the hump is a major contributing external factor to cartilage warping, particularly in the sagittal plane. This embed-in graft is not intended as a routine graft in normal circumstances, but rather as an immediate means of solving an unexpected situation. The graft is primarily for management of severely warped cartilage.