Tobacco policy (in)coherence in Mozambique: an examination of national and subnational stakeholder perspectives

Author:

Nguenha Nicole1,Rodriguez Charo2,Drope Jeffrey3,Bialous Stella Aguinaga4,Cunguara Benedito5,Lencucha Raphael6

Affiliation:

1. Global Alliance for Tobacco Control , 1 Nicholas St, Suite 1004, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 7B7, Canada

2. Department of Family Medicine, McGill University , 5858, chemin de la Côte-des-Neiges, Montreal, Quebec H3S 1Z1, Canada

3. Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University , 615 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA

4. School of Nursing and Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education, University of California San Francisco , 2 Koret Way, San Francisco, California 94143, USA

5. Ministry of Economy and Finance, Gabinete de Desenvolvimento do Compacto II , Avenida 10 de Novembro, Praça da Marinha, Nº 929, Maputo 929, Mozambique

6. School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University , 3630 Promenade Sir William Osler, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y5, Canada

Abstract

Abstract Mozambique ranks fifth on the list of tobacco producing countries in Africa, while also being a Party to the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC). Tobacco farming is regarded by some governments as a strategic economic commodity for export and remains deeply entrenched within Mozambique’s political and economic landscape. This study uses a qualitative description methodology to identify tensions, conflicts and alignment or misalignment in policy on tobacco across government sectors and levels in Mozambique. We conducted semi-structured qualitative interviews with 33 key informants from sectors across national and subnational levels including health, agriculture, economic and commercial sectors, as well as non-state actors from civil society organizations, the tobacco industry, farmers unions and associations and individual farmers. Incoherence was present across sectoral mandates, perspectives on industry’s presence in the country and regions and between FCTC provisions and informant perceptions of tobacco production as a development strategy. Despite tobacco being viewed as an important economic commodity by many informants, there was also widespread dissatisfaction with tobacco from both farmers and some government officials. There were indications of an openness to shifting to a policy that emphasizes alternatives to tobacco growing. The findings also illustrate where points of convergence exist across sectors and where opportunities for aligning tobacco policy with the provisions of the FCTC can occur.

Funder

Canadian Institutes of Health Research

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

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