The Economic Burden and Impact on Quality of Life of Herpes Zoster and Postherpetic Neuralgia in Individuals Aged 50 Years or Older in Italy

Abstract

Abstract Background To estimate the health care resource utilization, costs, and impact on quality of life (QoL) of herpes zoster (HZ) and postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) in adults aged ≥50 years in Italy. Methods This was a prospective, observational, multicenter, community physician–based surveillance study (NCT01772160) in Italy. Health-related QoL data were collected using the EuroQoL-5 Dimension (EQ-5D) and Zoster Brief Pain Inventory (ZBPI) questionnaires. Both questionnaires were assessed at days 0 (HZ rash onset), 15, 30, 60, and 90 for all patients, and monthly thereafter for patients who developed PHN. Resource utilization was recorded for 3 months post–HZ onset and 9 months for PHN patients. Costs from both payer and societal perspectives were estimated and were composed of direct medical costs (general practitioner/specialist visits, procedures, hospitalizations, medications), work loss by patient/caregiver, and transport costs. Results A total of 391 patients with HZ were included, of whom 40 developed PHN. The mean ZBPI worst pain score was 5.7 at day 0, reducing to 2.6 at day 30 and 0.7 by day 90. Patients with PHN had a mean worst pain score of 5.7 at day 90. We estimated an overall disutility associated with HZ of 0.134. The mean cost per HZ patient from a payer/societal perspective was €153/€298, respectively, and the mean cost per HZ patients who developed PHN was €176/€426, respectively. Conclusions HZ is associated with impaired QoL and substantial health care resource use, highlighting the need for preventive strategies. This could reduce the disease burden for the patient and health care system. ClinicalTrials.gov study registry NCT01772160.