1. Barts NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
2. Department of Anesthetics, King’s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and King’s College School of Medicine and Dentistry, London SE5 9RS, UK
3. Department of Physiology, Translational Cardio-Respiratory Laboratory, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand