Naturalism versus Realism in Social Contract Models

Abstract

Abstract This chapter addresses the criticism that social contract models based on evolutionary game theory should be rejected on the grounds that they are inadequately realistic. The chapter clarifies the misconception that underlies this criticism and, once understood, shows when it becomes worthwhile to take steps towards greater realism. To this end, the chapter uses Binmore’s (1994 and 1998) social contract model, pointing out where it would be useful to modify this model so that it simplifies human history and psychology less severely. The chapter is particularly critical of the idea that the same evolutionary game theory that has had some success in modeling our sociobiological history can be taken off the peg in attempting to make sense of our circumstances today, both socially and politically. The chapter argues that the internet has changed the game of life so radically that our old social contracts may not be able to survive at all.