Negotiating Democracy and Religious Pluralism examines the relationship between the functioning of democracy and the prior existence of religious plurality in three societies outside the West: India, Pakistan, and Turkey. In the introduction, editors Karen Barkey, Sudipta Kaviraj, and Vatsal Naresh frame the theoretical and historical context of each country’s transition from imperial statehood to modern democratic regime. In the subsequent chapters, contributors examine various trajectories of political thought, state policy, and the exercise of social power during and following a transition to democracy, and, reflexively, the political categories that shape our understanding of these concepts in South Asia and Turkey.