Conclusion

Author:

Ziegler Charles E.

Abstract

Abstract This chapter summarizes the major historical patterns in Russia’s foreign policy toward the Asia Pacific over the past century and a quarter: a continental perspective derived from the country’s vast geographic expanse; a bifurcated perspective on Russia’s civilizational identity between Europe and Asia; highly centralized and authoritarian forms of governance; weak economic capabilities relative to peer states; and a tendency to rely exclusively on military power and diplomacy rather than economic influence or soft power. These repeated patterns over time and across regimes suggest that structural geopolitical factors are of primary importance in understanding Russia’s Pacific policy, as realism would suggest. But realist approaches are incomplete. Certain Russian domestic institutions and cultural values have persisted over decades, and these institutions and values play a fundamental, if secondary, role in shaping foreign policy. Agency, in the form of powerful rulers, is important but tertiary. The analytical eclectic approach, utilizing both realist and constructivist approaches to Russian foreign policy from a historical perspective, accounts for both structural and domestic factors, providing insights into patterns of stability and change.

Publisher

Oxford University PressNew York

Reference599 articles.

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3. Predicting a State’s Foreign Policy: State Preferences between Domestic and International Constraints,;Foreign Policy Analysis,2007

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