Abstract
Abstract
This chapter explains the course of the unrolling of the three types of terror in Russia and then the Soviet Union from 1917 until 1938. In the sequence of terror, the types of terror were much more distinct and less overlapping temporally than they were in France; the Red Terror (revolutionary terror) had ended before collectivization (transformational terror) began, which in turn had ended by the time of the Great Terror (inverted terror). The role of the elite in driving the terror is clear, with the masses playing a less independent and important role than they did in France. When it came to inverted terror, Stalin’s personal responsibility was crucial.
Publisher
Oxford University PressOxford
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