Abstract
Abstract
This chapter considers allostasis, in particular the control of glucocorticoid concentrations in the blood. It reviews the complex neural activity underlying individual differences in stress responses and places the hippocampus as the central node for allostasis. The chapter proposes a hierarchical organization of physiological stability to account for different levels of control over one physiological variable, glucocorticoid concentration in the circulatory system. It also reviews the difference between allostasis and rheostasis and the differing mechanisms of anticipation, which in rheostasis is a programmed event using inherited, genetic material, while the allostatic control of physiological responses is dependent on prior experience to the same, or similar environmental cues and requires an entirely separate set of brain regions.
Publisher
Oxford University PressNew York
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