The External Dimension

Abstract

Abstract The externally-oriented activities of social movements usually take place in the public sphere as a tripartite game of movements, opponents, and audiences. The conflicting parties in this game engage predominantly in strategic action. Related conflicts are power games in which different kinds and sources of power tend to prevail on each side. Discursive power, however, is located on both sides. Conflicts with external actors, most notable authorities and counter movements, not only arise around specific issues but may also include metaconflicts around the general power structure and the rules of the game. In major conflicts, beyond political opportunities and restrictions of social movements, economic, cultural, and discursive opportunities also have to be taken into account.