Conclusions

Abstract

Abstract This chapter summarizes the main arguments of the book and reflects on the scope of EU constitutional ambitions. In other words, whether the EU can or cannot fully develop its constitutional ambitions since national identity remains much stronger than European identity. The chapter explores first that there is no conflict between international law and EU law regarding secession within EU Member States highlighting the controversial customary right to self-determination. Next, it reviews the criteria of consent and lawfulness and EU law and practice on secession. Then, it explores the EU deferential approach to secessionism and the consequences that can be drawn from it.