Space

Abstract

Abstract A state with “eyes in the sky” is better equipped to anticipate and to react to the actions of a foreign power. Thus, one should expect reconnaissance satellites to affect patterns of interstate conflict. An interesting feature of space reconnaissance is that it is a more public form of espionage compared to other modes of spying. “National technical means” in space remain effective despite being apparent to their targets. The chapter summarizes statistical tests using data about space reconnaissance and conflict in the post-World War II period. It finds that countries that operate reconnaissance satellites are significantly less likely to be involved in substantial militarized disputes, either as initiators or targets. Finally, it discusses some key implications and exceptions, distinguishing the stabilizing implications of satellite reconnaissance from other forms of space-based operational support, which may not be as stabilizing.