In a broad sense, corporate governance describes the mechanisms, relations, and processes through which the interests of a corporation’s stakeholders are balanced. Yet, corporate governance is not limited to companies but can be found in international organisations, philanthropic foundations, and social enterprises, among other organisational forms. This chapter outlines the volume’s comparative approach that highlights the diversity of corporate governance across different forms and fields. Starting with the financial crisis, the chapter discusses the legal foundation of corporate governance regimes and introduces the relevant laws and codes as well as prominent indicators to measure the quality of governance in corporations. Afterwards, the book’s chapters are briefly introduced and connected to the volume’s overarching interest.