Abstract
Abstract
This chapter discusses the demonic perspective, broader adaptationist claims, and inclusive fitness theory that are repeatedly challenged by evidence about chimpanzees and bonobos. It points out how explaining war means understanding why war exists, cultural variations in war, systemic interactions of war and society, and why actual wars happen all across human experience and applicable to the contemporary world. It cites Franz Boas’s famous description of culture as that complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, law, morals, custom, and other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society and stripped of its racialism and progressive social evolutionary stages. The chapter differentiates human culture from chimpanzee learned traditions. It highlights two unbridgeable gulfs between the species: human symbolic cognition and language, and cumulative development of social systems and material technology.
Publisher
Oxford University PressNew York
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