Scientific realism assumes that our best scientific theories can be regarded as (approximately) true. Quantum mechanics has long been regarded as at odds with scientific realism. It is now known that this is not true. However, scientific realists usually assume that the wave function represents physical entities. Chapter 11 discusses a particular approach which makes quantum mechanics compatible with scientific realism without assuming this: matter is instead represented by some spatio-temporal entity dubbed the primitive ontology. It argues how within this framework one developsa distinctive theory-construction schema, which allows us to perform a more informed theory evaluation by analyzing the various ingredients of the approach and their inter-relations.