Unpacking Normative Resonance: The Attitudinal Panopticon and the Implementation Gap of LGBT Rights in Serbia

Abstract

Abstract Although equality policies have been promoted by the European Union in its enlargement process, their implementation often remains weak. While normative resonance is considered as a key factor for their proper implementation, why it matters remains theoretically underexplored. Addressing this gap, the article develops the notion of the attitudinal panopticon. Through the analysis of the implementation gap of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender rights in Serbia, I demonstrate how the lack of normative resonance and social change becomes a disciplining environment that prevents people from using equality measures out of fear of further and more severe violations of their rights.