Empirically Derived Profiles of Health-Related Quality of Life in Youth and Young Adults with Sickle Cell Disease

Abstract

Abstract Objective Determining how the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is impacted by living with Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) can inform psychosocial interventions. The purpose of the present study is to determine if demographic and treatment variables predict membership into empirically derived subgroups of HRQOL among youth and young adults with SCD. Methods Three hundred and seven youth and young adults with SCD (mean 17.63 years ± 3.74 years, 50.5% female) completed the Pediatric Quality of Life InventoryTM Sickle Cell Disease Module. Latent profile analysis examined subgroups/classes of HRQOL and relationships with demographic and treatment variables. Results Three distinct classes emerged: High HRQOL (34% of the sample), Moderate HRQOL (44% of the sample), and Low HRQOL (22% of the sample). Being female was associated with increased odds of being in the moderate or low groups. Living with more severe SCD (genotypes HbSS and HbSβ0 thalassemia) was associated with increased odds of being in the Low HRQOL group. Treatment with chronic red blood cell transfusion therapy was associated with increased odds of being in the High HRQOL group. Older age predicted a small increase in the odds of being in the Low versus High HRQOL group. Conclusions The present study adds to the literature on HRQOL in SCD by exploring person-centered, empirically derived groups of HRQOL. Identification of demographic and treatment factors that predict membership into those groups within a large sample assists in tailoring needed psychosocial interventions for youth with SCD.