Exploratory toxicology studies of 2,3-substituted imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines with antiparasitic and anti-inflammatory properties

Abstract

Abstract Background Trichomoniasis and amoebiasis are neglected diseases and still remain as a global health burden not only for developing countries, from where are endemic, but also for the developed world. Previously, we tested the antiparasitic activity of a number of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine derivatives (IMPYs) on metronidazole-resistant strains of Entamoeba Hystolitica (HM1:IMSS), and Trichomonas Vaginalis (GT3). Their anti-inflammatory activity was also evaluated. Objective The present work is a part of a project whose aim is to find new alternatives to standard treatments for these maladies, and to address the current concern of emerging resistant parasite strains. Here we report a non-clinical study focused on exploratory toxicology assays of seven IMPYs that showed the best antiparasitic and/or anti-inflammatory properties. Methods Acute, and subacute toxicity tests were carried out. After 14-day oral treatment, liver and kidney functionality assays in combination with chemometric methods were implemented to detect hepatic and/or kidney damage. Results Some compounds produced off-target effects. Vehicle effects were also detected. However, no signs of hepatic or renal toxicity were observed for any IMPY. Conclusion These compounds can continue non-clinical evaluations, and if possible, clinical trials as new candidates to treat trichomoniasis and amoebiasis, and inflammatory diseases. Further studies are also needed to fully elucidate a proposed dual effect that may exert these molecules against trichomoniasis and amoebiasis, which may also signify a novel mechanism of action to treat these infections.