Affiliation:
1. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago , Dunedin , New Zealand
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Numerous studies have examined the gut microbial ecology of patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis, but inflammatory bowel disease–associated taxa and ecological effect sizes are not consistent between studies.
Methods
We systematically searched PubMed and Google Scholar and performed a meta-analysis of 13 studies to analyze how variables such as sample type (stool, biopsy, and lavage) affect results in inflammatory bowel disease gut microbiome studies, using uniform bioinformatic methods for all primary data.
Results
Reduced alpha diversity was a consistent feature of both CD and ulcerative colitis but was more pronounced in CD. Disease contributed significantly variation in beta diversity in most studies, but effect size varied, and the effect of sample type was greater than the effect of disease. Fusobacterium was the genus most consistently associated with CD, but disease-associated genera were mostly inconsistent between studies. Stool studies had lower heterogeneity than biopsy studies, especially for CD.
Conclusions
Our results indicate that sample type variation is an important contributor to study variability that should be carefully considered during study design, and stool is likely superior to biopsy for CD studies due to its lower heterogeneity.
Funder
Department of Microbiology and Immunology at the University of Otago
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Subject
Gastroenterology,Immunology and Allergy
Cited by
13 articles.
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