Matrix metalloproteinases in intestinal fibrosis

Author:

Biel Carin1ORCID,Faber Klaas Nico2,Bank Ruud A3,Olinga Peter1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Groningen , the Netherlands

2. Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands

3. Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen , 9713 GZ Groningen , The Netherlands

Abstract

Abstract Intestinal fibrosis is a common complication in patients with inflammatory bowel disease [IBD], in particular Crohn’s disease [CD]. Unfortunately, at present intestinal fibrosis is not yet preventable, and cannot be treated by interventions other than surgical removal. Intestinal fibrosis is characterized by excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix [ECM], which is caused by activated fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells. Accumulation of ECM results from an imbalanced production and degradation of ECM. ECM degradation is mainly performed by matrix metalloproteinases [MMPs], enzymes that are counteracted by tissue inhibitors of MMPs [TIMPs]. In IBD patients, MMP activity [together with other protease activities] is increased. At the same time, CD patients have a generally lower MMP activity compared to ulcerative colitis patients, who usually do not develop intestinal strictures or fibrosis. The exact regulation and role[s] of these MMPs in fibrosis are far from understood. Here, we review the current literature about ECM remodelling by MMPs in intestinal fibrosis and their potential role as biomarkers for disease progression or druggable targets.

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Gastroenterology,General Medicine

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