Linoleic acid ameliorates intestinal mucosal barrier injury in early weaned pigeon squabs (Columba livia)

Author:

Xu Qianqian1ORCID,Zhao Jin1,Jian Huafeng2,Ye Jiangcheng1,Gong Mingxiu1,Zou Xiaoting2,Dong Xinyang2

Affiliation:

1. Key Laboratory of Characteristic Agricultural Product Quality and Hazardous Substance Control Technology of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Food Nutrition and Quality Safety, College of Life Science, China Jiliang University , Hangzhou 310018 , China

2. Key laboratory for Molecular Animal Nutrition of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Feed Science Institute, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University (Zijingang Campus) , Hangzhou 310058 , China

Abstract

Abstract The study aimed to investigate whether linoleic acid could improve the intestinal barrier function of squabs under weaning stress conditions. Totally 320 7-d-old weaned squabs were randomly divided into four treatment groups, including control group (CON), 0.7% linoleic acid addition group (LA007), 1.4% linoleic acid addition group (LA014) and 2.1% linoleic acid addition group (LA021). At 21 d, eight squabs were randomly selected from each treatment group for sampling and determination. The results showed that adding linoleic acid could improve (P < 0.05) the body weight of weaned squabs, and LA014 had the best effect. With the increase of linoleic acid dosage, villi height and villi area increased linearly or quadratically (P < 0.05), and reached the maximum in LA021 or LA014, respectively. The linoleic acid supplementation could improve the intestinal tight junction of weaned squabs, and the LA014 was the most significant (P < 0.05). With the linoleic acid increasing, the levels of intestinal IL-6 and TNF-α decreased linearly (P < 0.05), while intestinal IL-10 increased quadratically (P < 0.05) and reached the maximum in LA014. Serum endotoxin and diamine oxidase levels decreased linearly (P < 0.05) and reached the lowest level in LA014. The ultrastructure of villi revealed that the length of ileal microvilli in LA014 was significantly increased (P < 0.05) and the microvilli became dense, and the mitochondria in epithelial cells returned to normal state. Further exploring the mechanism of linoleic acid alleviating intestinal injury caused by weaning stress in squabs, it was found that linoleic acid down-regulated (P < 0.05) the relative protein expression of TLR4, MyD88, phosphorylated JNK, and phosphorylated p38, reducing secretion of pro-inflammatory factors IL-6 and TNF-α. This study indicated that linoleic acid could alleviate intestinal barrier injury of early weaned squabs by down-regulating TLR4-MyD88-JNK/p38-IL6/TNF-α pathway.

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Genetics,Animal Science and Zoology,General Medicine,Food Science

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