1. Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
2. Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, School of Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1670 University Blvd, VH G094E, Birmingham, AL, USA
3. Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; and
4. Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA