Impact of fisheries footprint on an early warning indicator of resilience reduction in marine net primary productivity

Abstract

Abstract Human activities and climate change have profound effects on marine ecosystems, leading to changes in ecosystem functionality and even reduced resilience. Hence, a systematic assessment of the marine ecosystem resilience and the drivers of resilience is needed. This study provides an approach to help measure the resilience of reduction marine ecosystems by calculating early warning signs of marine net primary productivity, while introducing fishing activities and environmental data in the study area to evaluate the factors affecting marine ecosystem resilience. The results showed that in 36.29% of the Chinese exclusive economic zone, resilience was likely to be significantly decreased. There was a non-linear relationship between fishing activities and indicators of resilience reduction, with pixels with high-intensity fishing activities being more susceptible to resilience reduction. Fishing regulations are urgently needed in areas where marine ecosystem resilience may be reducing. Effective management and protection of marine ecosystems require assessment of the spatial overlap between marine ecosystems states and human activities. This study provides a scientific basis for sustainable management of social-ecological systems by comparing high-precision fishing data to marine environmental data, thereby analysing marine ecosystem resilience through the use of early warning indicators.