Ranking the ecological relative status of exploited marine ecosystems

Author:

Coll Marta1,Shannon Lynne J.2,Yemane Dawit3,Link Jason S.4,Ojaveer Henn5,Neira Sergio6,Jouffre Didier7,Labrosse Pierre8,Heymans Johanna J.9,Fulton Elizabeth A.10,Shin Yunne-Jai11

Affiliation:

1. Institute of Marine Science (ICM-CSIC), Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta 37–49, 08003 Barcelona, Spain, and Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, CanadaB3H 4J1

2. Marine Research Institute and Zoology Department, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X3, Rondebosch, Cape Town 7701, South Africa

3. Marine and Coastal Management, Department of Environmental Affairs and Tourism, Private Bag X2, Rogge Bay 8012, South Africa

4. National Marine Fisheries Service, Northeast Fisheries Science Center, 166 Water Street, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA

5. Estonian Marine Insitute, University of Tartu, Lootsi 2a, 80012 Pärnu, Estonia

6. Departamento de Oceanografía, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160-C, Concepción, Chile

7. Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Laboratoire ECOLAG (UMR 5119), Université Montpellier II, Place E. Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France

8. Oceanographic and Fisheries, Mauritanian Research Institute (IMROP), BP 22, Nouadhibou, Mauritania

9. Dunstaffnage Marine Laboratory, Scottish Association for Marine Science, Oban PA37 1QA, Scotland

10. CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research, GPO Box 1538, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia

11. Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR 212 EME, Avenue Jean Monnet, BP 171, 34203 Sète Cedex, France

Abstract

Abstract Coll, M., Shannon, L. J., Yemane, D., Link, J. S., Ojaveer, H., Neira, S., Jouffre, D., Labrosse, P., Heymans, J. J., Fulton, E. A., and Shin, Y-J. 2010. Ranking the ecological relative status of exploited marine ecosystems. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 67: 769–786. A set of simple, data-based ecological indicators was used to rank exploited ecosystems regarding fishing impacts with respect to their status, trends, and ecosystem EAF attributes. Expected theoretical changes in indicators with respect to increasing fishing impacts were considered, and ecosystems were compared by examining the mean values of indicators in the most recent three years for which data were available and over time (1980–2005 and 1996–2005). Systems were classified into nine potential categories according to whether they were most, moderately, or least impacted, and whether they were becoming more or less impacted, or remaining stationary. The responses of ecological indicators to additional environmental and socio-economic explanatory factors were tested. Ecosystems ranked using short- and long-term trends and states differed because of differences in trends, underscoring the importance of analysing both states and trends in ecosystem analyses. The number of ecosystems classified as unclear or intermediately impacted has increased recently, the proportion of ecosystems classified as less strongly impacted has been maintained, but more now fall within the category more strongly impacted in terms of long-term trends and states. Ecosystem type, fisheries enforcement, primary production, sea temperature, and fishing type were important variables explaining the ecological indicators. The results reflect different changes and processes in the ecosystems, demonstrating that information on ecological, environmental, and fishery histories is crucial to interpreting indicators correctly, while disentangling the effects of fishing and of the environment.

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Ecology,Aquatic Science,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics,Oceanography

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