An ecosystem-wide approach for assessing the spatialized cumulative effects of local and global changes on coastal ecosystem functioning

Author:

Nogues Quentin1ORCID,Bourdaud Pierre2ORCID,Araignous Emma3,Halouani Ghassen4ORCID,Ben Rais Lasram Frida5,Dauvin Jean-Claude6,Le Loc'h François2,Niquil Nathalie1

Affiliation:

1. Normandie Univ., UNICAEN, Laboratoire Biologie des ORganismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques , UMR 8067 BOREA (CNRS, MNHN, UPMC, UCBN, IRD-207), CS 14032, 14000 Caen , France

2. Univ. Brest, CNRS, IRD, Ifremer, IUEM , rue Dumont d'Urville, BP 70, 29280 Plouzané , France

3. France Energies Marines ITE-EMR , 525 avenue Alexis de Rochon, 29280 Plouzané , France

4. Ifremer, Unité halieutique Manche-Mer du Nord Ifremer, HMMN , F 62200 Boulogne sur mer , France

5. Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, Univ. Lille, CNRS, IRD, UMR 8187, LOG, Laboratoire d'Océanologie et de Géosciences , F 62930 Wimereux , France

6. Normandie Univ., UNICAEN, Laboratoire Morphodynamique Continentale et Côtière , CNRS UMR 6143 M2C, 24 rue des Tilleuls, 14000 Caen , France

Abstract

AbstractCoastal ecosystems are subjected to an increasing number of anthropogenic drivers, including marine renewable energies and climate change (CC). These drivers can interact in complex ways, which may lead to cumulative effects (CEs) whose potential consequences on the ecosystems need to be addressed. We used a holistic approach—ecological network analysis (ENA)—coupled with a two-dimensional food web model—Ecospace—to conduct an ecosystem study of the CEs of CC plus the operation of an offshore wind farm on ecosystem functioning in the extended Bay of Seine (English Channel). Mapped ENA indices showed that CEs were not restricted to the wind farm area, i.e. where anthropogenic drivers are concomitant. CEs varied both in space and among ecosystem properties, displaying that ENA indices can distinguish between different cumulative pathways that modify ecosystem functioning in multiple ways. Moreover, the effects seemed to be tied to the structuring role of CC, and differed under the 2050 and 2100 conditions. Such changes resulted in stronger loss of ecosystem resilience under the 2100 conditions despite the benefits of the reef and reserve effects of the wind farm.

Funder

Normandy Region

National Research Agency

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Ecology,Aquatic Science,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics,Oceanography

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