Immunological and Inflammatory Biomarkers of Susceptibility and Severity in Adult Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections
Author:
Wiseman Dexter J1, Thwaites Ryan S1, Drysdale Simon B234, Janet Sophie3, Donaldson Gavin C1, Wedzicha Jadwiga A1, Openshaw Peter J1, Nair Harish, Campbell Harry, Shi Ting, Zhang Shanshan, Li You, Openshaw Peter, Wedzicha Jadwiga, Falsey Ann, Miller Mark, Beutels Philippe, Bont Louis, Pollard Andrew, Molero Eva, Martinon-Torres Federico, Heikkinen Terho, Meijer Adam, Kølsen Fischer Thea, van den Berge Maarten, Giaquinto Carlo, Mikolajczyk Rafael, Hackett Judy, Tafesse Eskinder, Cai Bing, Knirsch Charles, Gonzalez Lopez Antonio, Dieussaert Ilse, Dermateau Nadia, Stoszek Sonia, Gallichan Scott, Kieffer Alexia, Demont Clarisse, Cheret Arnaud, Gavart Sandra, Aerssens Jeroen, Wyffels Veronique, Cleenewerck Matthias, Fuentes Robert, Rosen Brian, Nair Harish, Campbell Harry, Shi Ting, Zhang Shanshan, Li You, Openshaw Peter, Wedzicha Jadwiga, Falsey Ann, Miller Mark, Beutels Philippe, Bont Louis, Pollard Andrew, Molero Eva, Martinon-Torres Federico, Heikkinen Terho, Meijer Adam, Kølsen Fischer Thea, van den Berge Maarten, Giaquinto Carlo, Mikolajczyk Rafael, Hackett Judy, Tafesse Eskinder, Cai Bing, Knirsch Charles, Gonzalez Lopez Antonio, Dieussaert Ilse, Dermateau Nadia, Stoszek Sonia, Gallichan Scott, Kieffer Alexia, Demont Clarisse, Cheret Arnaud, Gavart Sandra, Aerssens Jeroen, Wyffels Veronique, Cleenewerck Matthias, Fuentes Robert, Rosen Brian,
Affiliation:
1. National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK 2. Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK 3. National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Children’s Hospital, Oxford, UK 4. Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George’s, University of London, London, UK
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common cause of bronchiolitis in young infants. However, it is also a significant pathogen in older adults. Validated biomarkers of RSV disease severity would benefit diagnostics, treatment decisions, and prophylactic interventions. This review summarizes knowledge of biomarkers for RSV disease in adults.
Methods
A literature review was performed using Ovid Medline, Embase, Global health, Scopus, and Web of Science for articles published 1946–October 2016. Nine articles were identified plus 9 from other sources.
Results
From observational studies of natural infection and challenge studies in volunteers, biomarkers of RSV susceptibility or disease severity in adults were: (1) lower anti-RSV neutralizing antibodies, where neutralizing antibody (and local IgA) may be a correlate of susceptibility/severity; (2) RSV-specific CD8+ T cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid preinfection (subjects with higher levels had less severe illness); and (3) elevated interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-8, and myeloperoxidase levels in the airway are indicative of severe infection.
Conclusions
Factors determining susceptibility to and severity of RSV disease in adults have not been well defined. Respiratory mucosal antibodies and CD8+ T cells appear to contribute to preventing infection and modulation of disease severity. Studies of RSV pathogenesis in at-risk populations are needed.
Funder
European Union Horizon 2020 Framework European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and Associations National Institute for Health Research
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Subject
Infectious Diseases,Immunology and Allergy
Cited by
12 articles.
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