A Dual-Antigen Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Allows the Assessment of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Antibody Seroprevalence in a Low-Transmission Setting

Author:

Hicks Sarah M1,Pohl Kai23,Neeman Teresa4,McNamara Hayley A2,Parsons Kate M5,He Jin-shu5,Ali Sidra A1,Nazir Samina1,Rowntree Louise C6,Nguyen Thi H O6,Kedzierska Katherine6,Doolan Denise L7,Vinuesa Carola G289,Cook Matthew C29,Coatsworth Nicholas1011,Myles Paul S1213,Kurth Florian31415,Sander Leif E3,Mann Graham J1,Gruen Russell L16,George Amee J15,Gardiner Elizabeth E1,Cockburn Ian A2,

Affiliation:

1. Australian Cancer Research Foundation Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia

2. Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia

3. Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Charité, Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany

4. Biological Data Science Institute, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia

5. Australian National University Centre for Therapeutic Discovery, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia

6. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia

7. Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, Australia

8. China Australia Centre for Personalised Immunology, Shanghai Renji Hospital, Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China

9. Department of Immunology Canberra Hospital, Canberra, Australia

10. ANU Medical School, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia

11. The Canberra Hospital, Infectious Diseases, Canberra, Australia

12. Department of Anaesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia

13. Department of Anaesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia

14. Department of Tropical Medicine, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine

15. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany

16. College of Health and Medicine, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia

Abstract

Abstract Estimates of seroprevalence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibodies have been hampered by inadequate assay sensitivity and specificity. Using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay–based approach that combines data about immunoglobulin G responses to both the nucleocapsid and spike receptor binding domain antigens, we show that excellent sensitivity and specificity can be achieved. We used this assay to assess the frequency of virus-specific antibodies in a cohort of elective surgery patients in Australia and estimated seroprevalence in Australia to be 0.28% (95% Confidence Interval, 0–1.15%). These data confirm the low level of transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in Australia before July 2020 and validate the specificity of our assay.

Funder

Australian Government Department of Health

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Infectious Diseases,Immunology and Allergy

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