Associations between Circulating Lipids and Fat-Soluble Vitamins and Carotenoids in Healthy Overweight and Obese Men

Abstract

ABSTRACT Inconsistent associations between lipids and circulating markers of fat-soluble vitamin and carotenoid status have been reported. The aim of this hypothesis-generating study was to examine the contribution of the LC-MS-based lipidome, characterized by lipid class, carbon count, and the number of unsaturated bonds, to the interindividual variability in circulating concentrations of retinol, carotenoids, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, α-tocopherol, γ-tocopherol, and phylloquinone in 35 overweight and obese, but healthy men. A sparse partial least-squares method was used to accomplish this aim. Highly abundant phospholipids and triglycerides (TGs) contributed to the interindividual variability in phylloquinone, α-tocopherol, and γ-tocopherol. Interindividual variability in lycopene concentrations was driven by concentrations of low-abundant TG. 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3, retinol, and the other carotenoids were not influenced by lipids. Except for lycopene, evaluation of lipids beyond class does not appear to further explain the interindividual variability in circulating concentrations of fat-soluble vitamins and carotenoids.