Community Structure and Diversity of Hymenopteran Parasitoids of Chromatomyia horticola (Diptera: Agromyzidae) in Different Habitats in Changchun, China

Abstract

Abstract The community structure and diversity of hymenopteran parasitoids of the agromyzid leafminer Chromatomyia horticola (Diptera: Agromyzidae) were studied in agricultural, urban, and natural habitats in Changchun, Northeast China. In agricultural habitats, a total of 3,380 individuals and 19 species were collected, and the dominant species were Diglyphus isaea (Walker) (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) (71.15%) and Chrysocharis pentheus (Walker) (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) (12.10%). In urban habitats, a total of 5,996 individuals and 21 species were collected. There were three dominant species, C. pentheus (26.68%), Chrysocharis phryne (Walker) (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) (22.18%), and D. isaea (22.13%). In natural habitats, a total of 1,566 individuals and 26 species were collected. There were three dominant species, C. pentheus (30.52%), D. isaea (15.52%), and Pediobius metallicus (Nees) (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) (12.26%). The diversity indices of the parasitoid community in urban and natural habitats were higher than that in agricultural habitats, and the richness index in natural habitats was higher than that in agricultural and urban habitats. These results suggest that there are differences in the community composition and dynamics of parasitoids in different habitats. Hymenopteran parasitoids of C. horticola are less abundant in natural habitats; however, species richness is greater, and can be used as a species reserve for biological control.