Long-term impacts of coal mine fire-emitted PM2.5 on hospitalisation: a longitudinal analysis of the Hazelwood Health Study

Author:

Xu Rongbin1ORCID,Gao Caroline X12ORCID,Dimitriadis Christina1,Smith Catherine L1,Carroll Matthew T C3,Ikin Jillian F1ORCID,Johnston Fay H4,Sim Malcolm R1,Abramson Michael J1,Guo Yuming1

Affiliation:

1. School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia

2. Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkview, VIC, Australia

3. Monash Rural Health–Churchill, Monash University, Churchill, VIC, Australia

4. Menzies Institute of Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia

Abstract

Abstract Background Little is known about the long-term health impacts of exposures to landscape fire smoke. We aimed to evaluate the association between exposure to coal mine fire-related particulate matter 2.5 μm or less in diameter (PM2.5) and hospitalisation in the 5 years following the 6-week Hazelwood coal mine fire in Australia in 2014. Methods We surveyed 2725 residents (mean age: 58.3 years; 54.3% female) from an exposed and a comparison town. Individual PM2.5 exposures during the event were estimated using modelled PM2.5 concentrations related to the coal mine fire and self-reported location data. The individual exposure and survey data were linked with hospitalisation records between January 2009 and February 2019. Recurrent event survival analysis was used to evaluate relationships between PM2.5 exposure and hospitalisation following mine fire, adjusting for important covariates. Results Each 10-µg/m3 increase in mine fire-related PM2.5 was associated with a 9% increased hazard [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.09; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01, 1.17] of respiratory hospitalisation over the next 5 years, with stronger associations observed for females (HR = 1.16; 95% CI: 1.06, 1.27) than males (HR = 0.99; 95% CI: 0.89, 1.11). In particular, increased hazards were observed for hospitalisations for asthma (HR = 1.43; 95% CI: 1.19, 1.73) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (HR = 1.14; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.28). No such association was found for hospitalisations for cardiovascular diseases, mental illness, injuries, type 2 diabetes, renal diseases or neoplasms. Conclusions A 6-week exposure to coal mine fire-related PM2.5 was associated with increased hazard of respiratory hospitalisations over the following 5 years, particularly for females.

Funder

China Scholarship Council

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

General Medicine,Epidemiology

Reference50 articles.

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