Symptoms and associated impact in pre- and postmenopausal women with sexual arousal disorder: a concept elicitation study

Abstract

AbstractBackgroundApproximately 26% of adult women in the United States suffer from female sexual arousal disorder (FSAD), yet little has been done to compare the experience of FSAD in pre- and postmenopausal women, which is critical to enhance the current understanding of FSAD and inform the development and assessment of treatment options for these patient populations.AimTo explore the experience of condition-associated symptoms and the relative importance of FSAD symptoms, including their severity, bother, and impact, on participants’ health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in pre- and postmenopausal women with FSAD.MethodsIn-depth, qualitative, semistructured concept elicitation interviews were conducted with premenopausal (n = 23) and postmenopausal (n = 13) women who were clinically diagnosed with FSAD by a trained sexual medicine clinician. All interviews were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim by a professional transcription company. Thematic analysis was performed with the assistance of NVivo qualitative analysis software.OutcomesOutcomes included qualitative interview data about FSAD symptoms and HRQoL, as well as a comparison between pre- and postmenopausal populations.ResultsThe most frequently reported symptom in both cohorts was “inability or difficulty with orgasm” (premenopausal, n = 21; postmenopausal, n = 13). The symptom that premenopausal women most desired to have treated was lubrication, and for postmenopausal women, it was a lack of lubrication or wetness and loss of feeling/sensation. In total, 21 of 23 premenopausal women and all 13 postmenopausal women reported a lack of feeling or sensation in the genitals. The most frequently reported HRQoL impact in both groups was decreased confidence.Clinical ImplicationsResults from this study suggest that the manifestation and experience of FSAD are similar in pre- and postmenopausal women and that the unmet need for an FSAD treatment in the postmenopausal population is just as great as that of the premenopausal population.Strengths and LimitationsThis study involved in-depth qualitative interviews with a relatively small group of women (N = 36) recruited from only 5 study sites across the United States.ConclusionThe analysis of qualitative data from the concept elicitation interviews revealed a substantial physical and emotional burden of FSAD, underscoring the need for Food and Drug Administration–approved treatment options for pre- and postmenopausal women with FSAD.