Dysbiosis of the oral microbiota composition is associated with oral squamous cell carcinoma and the impact of radiotherapy: a pilot study

Author:

Anjali Kanadan12ORCID,Manzoor Muhammed13ORCID,Suryavanshi Mangesh Vasant14ORCID,Rudrapathy Parthiban5ORCID,Rekha Punchappady Devasya1ORCID,Das Ranajit6ORCID,Hameed Asif1ORCID,Arun Ananthapadmanabha Bhagwath17ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Division of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Yenepoya Research Center, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte , Mangalore 575108, Karnataka , India

2. Department of Microbiology, Mahe Institute of Dental Sciences , Mahe 673310, Puducherry , India

3. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki , Helsinki 00100 , Finland

4. Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences Department, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute , Ohio 44195 , United States

5. Division of Microbiology, Department of Clinical Laboratory Services and Translational Research, Malabar Cancer Centre , Thalassery 670103 , India

6. Division of Data Analytics, Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, Yenepoya Research Center, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte , Mangalore 575108, Karnataka , India

7. Faculty of Science, Yenepoya Institute of Arts, Science, Commerce and Management , Balmatta, Mangalore 575002, Karnataka , India

Abstract

Abstract Radiotherapy can potentially influence the diversity and composition of the oral microbiome. We performed a study comparing the composition of oral microbiota in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) before radiotherapy (n = 6), at three months (n = 6), and six months (n = 6) post-radiotherapy, and controls (n = 6). We profiled the oral microbiome by 16S rRNA gene sequencing using Illumina MiSeq. Alpha diversity (Chao1 index) showed significant differences in species richness between healthy controls and OSCC patients (P = 0.014). Conversely, no noteworthy distinctions were observed in the Chao1 index when comparing the pre-and post-radiation periods at both three and six months. The beta diversity of the oral microbiota differed significantly between the controls and OSCC patients (P = 0.014). However, no significant differences were observed in beta diversity between pre- and post-radiation at three months, whereas a significant difference was observed at six months (P = 0.038). Linear Discriminant Analysis Effect Size (LEfSe) demonstrated lower abundance of Corynebacterium, Actinomyces, Veillonella, and Haemophilus, and higher abundance of Selenomonas and Mycoplasma in OSCC patients than in healthy controls. The oral microbiome composition varied among healthy controls, patients with OSCC, and post-radiation therapy patients with OSCC. The observed recovery in the numerical dominance of specific beneficial oral taxa and the reduction in pathogenic bacteria after radiation therapy highlights the need for further investigations into their clinical implications.

Funder

YU/SEED

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Genetics,Molecular Biology,Microbiology

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