Antidiabetic Properties ofAzardiracta indicaandBougainvillea spectabilis:In VivoStudies in Murine Diabetes Model

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic syndrome characterized by an increase in the blood glucose level. Treatment of diabetes is complicated due to multifactorial nature of the disease.Azadirachta indica Adr. JussandBougainvillea spectabilisare reported to have medicinal values including antidiabetic properties. In the present study usingin vivodiabetic murine model,A. indicaandB. spectabilischloroform, methanolic and aqueous extracts were investigated for the biochemical parameters important for controlling diabetes. It was found thatA. indicachloroform extract andB. spectabilisaqueous, methanolic extracts showed a good oral glucose tolerance and significantly reduced the intestinal glucosidase activity. Interestingly,A. indicachloroform andB. spectabilisaqueous extracts showed significant increase in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity and hepatic, skeletal muscle glycogen content after 21 days of treatment. In immunohistochemical analysis, we observed a regeneration of insulin-producing cells and corresponding increase in the plasma insulin and c-peptide levels with the treatment ofA. indicachloroform andB. spectabilisaqueous, methanolic extracts. Analyzing the results, it is clear thatA. indicachloroform andB. spectabilisaqueous extracts are good candidates for developing new neutraceuticals treatment for diabetes.