Mosquitoes do not influence Cotton Mouse (Peromyscus gossypinus) giving-up densities

Abstract

Abstract It is commonly recognized that predation and the risk of predation can have profound effects on behaviors and population ecology of prey. Comparatively, little attention has been paid to the trade-offs hosts make to manage the risk of parasitism, but there is evidence that hosts make behavioral trade-offs to avoid parasitism in ways that resemble those made by prey animals under the risk of predation. Mosquitoes are common hematophagous ectoparasites which parasitize a wide range of vertebrates, resulting in blood loss, distraction, and disease transmission. Many hosts engage in defensive behaviors to repel or kill mosquitoes and these behaviors likely come at the expense of activities such as foraging and vigilance for predators. We placed a mosquito attractant (BG-Sweetscent) and repellant (allethrin) near artificial foraging patches in areas where mosquitoes were common and measured the amount of grain left after a night of foraging (giving-up density) to investigate whether mosquitoes influenced Cotton Mouse (Peromyscus gossypinus) foraging. We predicted that in patches with mosquito attractants, mosquito harassment would cause mice to engage in defensive behaviors which would distract or deter them from foraging, resulting in less grain consumption relative to control patches. Conversely, we predicted that in mosquito-repellent patches, mice would experience less harassment, resulting in more grain consumption. Indoor arena trials found no evidence that the mosquito treatments influenced cotton mouse behavior in the absence of mosquitoes. However, we found no evidence that mosquito treatments affected giving-up densities.