Right fronto-parietal networks mediate the neurocognitive benefits of enriched environments

Author:

Brosnan Méadhbh B.1234,Shalev Nir123ORCID,Ramduny Jivesh567,Sotiropoulos Stamatios N.78ORCID,Chechlacz Magdalena910ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK

2. Oxford Centre for Human Brain Activity, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK

3. Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK

4. Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia

5. School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland

6. Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland

7. Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK

8. National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Queen’s Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK

9. Centre for Human Brain Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK

10. School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK

Abstract

Abstract Exposure to enriched environments throughout a lifetime, providing so-called reserve, protects against cognitive decline in later years. It has been hypothesized that high levels of alertness necessitated by enriched environments might strengthen the right fronto-parietal networks to facilitate this neurocognitive resilience. We have previously shown that enriched environments offset age-related deficits in selective attention by preserving grey matter within right fronto-parietal regions. Here, using neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging, we examined the relationship between enriched environments, microstructural properties of fronto-parietal white matter association pathways (three branches of the superior longitudinal fasciculus), structural brain health (atrophy), and attention (alertness, orienting and executive control) in a group of older adults. We show that exposure to enriched environments is associated with a lower orientation dispersion index within the right superior longitudinal fasciculus 1 which in turn mediates the relationship between enriched environments and alertness, as well as grey and white matter atrophy. This suggests that enriched environments may induce white matter plasticity (and prevent age-related dispersion of axons) within the right fronto-parietal networks to facilitate the preservation of neurocognitive health in later years.

Funder

Birmingham-Nottingham Strategic Collaboration Fund

Wellcome Trust Institutional Strategic Support Fund

European Commission

Wellcome Trust

European Commission Consolidator Grant

National Institute for Health Research

Oxford Health Biomedical Research Centre

Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

General Earth and Planetary Sciences,General Environmental Science

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