1. Appiah Kwame Anthony. Lines of Descent: W.E.B. Du Bois and the Emergence of Identity. Cambridge: Harvard UP, 2014.
2. Chesnutt Charles W. “The Wife of His Youth.” The Wife of His Youth & Other Stories of the Color Line. 1899. Stories, Novels, & Essays. Ed. Sollors Werner . New York: Library of America, 2002. 101–12.
3. Cooper Anna Julia. “The Higher Education of Women.” The Voice of Anna Julia Cooper: Including A Voice from the South and Other Important Essays, Papers, and Letters. Ed. Lemert Charles C. Bhan Esme . Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield, 1998. 72–87.
4. Cooper Anna Julia. “Our Raison d’Être.” Lemert and Bhan 51–52.
5. Cooper Anna Julia. “The Status of Woman in America (1892).” Lemert and Bhan 109–20.