EVALUATION OF INDOOR/OUTDOOR GAMMA EXPOSURE RATES AND EXCESS LIFE TIME CANCER RISK IN DIFFERENT CITIES OF PAKISTAN-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

EVALUATION OF INDOOR/OUTDOOR GAMMA EXPOSURE RATES AND EXCESS LIFE TIME CANCER RISK IN DIFFERENT CITIES OF PAKISTAN

Published:2020-07 Issue:4 Volume:190 Page:355-363
ISSN:0144-8420
Container-title:Radiation Protection Dosimetry
language:en
Short-container-title:

Author:

Zeb Jahan¹^ORCID,Wasim Mohammad¹,Awais Muhammad²,Ullah Asad¹,Iqbal Talat²,Akhtar Sheraz¹

Affiliation:

1. Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, P.O. Nilore, Islamabad, Pakistan

2. Centre for Earthquake Studies, National Centre for Physics, Islamabad, Pakistan

Abstract

Abstract This study presents a detailed measurement of indoor and outdoor terrestrial gamma radiation levels in different cities of Pakistan. The measurements covered dwellings in 27 cities, covering all provinces and region of Azad Kashmir. Most of the houses were of attached type, made of brick walls and concrete roofs. The measurements were made by a handheld radiation survey meter containing Geiger–Muller tube. The average absorbed dose rate in air was 100 ± 32 nGy h−1 for indoor and 74 ± 30 nGy h−1 for outdoor. The population-weighted mean terrestrial dose rates were 90 nGy h−1 for indoor and 78 nGyh−1 for outdoor. The ratio of indoor to outdoor absorbed dose rate was 1.5 as compared to 1.3 for the world average. The estimated average annual effective dose rate was 0.58 ± 0.18 mSv a−1 and the mean excess life time cancer risk was 2.0 × 10−3.

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health,Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging,General Medicine,Radiation,Radiological and Ultrasound Technology

Link

http://academic.oup.com/rpd/article-pdf/190/4/355/33895942/ncaa115.pdf

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