The social context of burning mouth syndrome: an exploratory pilot study of stigma, discrimination, and pain

Author:

Mathur Vani A1ORCID,Payano Sosa Janell S2,Keaser Michael L2,Meiller Timothy F3,Seminowicz David A24

Affiliation:

1. Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University , College Station, TX 77843, United States

2. Department of Neural and Pain Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry , Baltimore, MD 21201, United States

3. Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry , Baltimore, MD 21201, United States

4. Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario , London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada

Abstract

Abstract Background The social context of burning mouth syndrome (BMS) has received little attention in the scientific literature. However, social psychological theory and insights from those with lived experiences suggest that people living with BMS experience compounding effects of stigma related to their pain, diagnosis (or lack thereof), and intersectional identities. Objective Our aim is to provide initial evidence and to motivate new directions for research on BMS. Here, we present the results of an exploratory pilot study (n = 16) of women living with BMS in the United States. Methods Participants completed self-report measures of stigma, discrimination, and pain, as well as laboratory assessments of pain through quantitative sensory testing. Results Results indicate a high prevalence of internalized BMS stigma, experience of BMS-related discrimination from clinicians, and gender stigma consciousness in this population. Moreover, results provide initial evidence that these experiences are related to pain outcomes. The most robust pattern of findings is that internalized BMS stigma was related to greater clinical pain severity, interference, intensity, and unpleasantness. Conclusion Given the prevalence and pain-relevance of intersectional stigma and discrimination identified in this pilot study, lived experience and social context should be incorporated into future research on BMS.

Funder

National Institutes of Health

National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research

NIH

National Institute of General Medical Sciences

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine,Neurology (clinical),General Medicine

Reference28 articles.

1. Burning mouth syndrome: a review of etiology, diagnosis, and management;Teruel;Gen Dent,2019

2. Time of day influences psychophysical measures in women with burning mouth syndrome;Payano Sosa;Front Neurosci,2021

3. 1st edition (ICOP);International Headache Society;Cephalalgia,2020

4. Burning mouth syndrome;Jääskeläinen;Cephalalgia,2017

5. Burning mouth syndrome and personality profiles;Merigo;Minerva Stomatol,2007

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