#777 Renal recovery for patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis and low eGFR in a Spanish cohort

Abstract

Abstract Background and Aims Renal failure secondary to ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) represents a clinical and therapeutic challenge [1]. Fifteen percent to 38% of the patients develop end-stage kidney disease within 5 years, and once patients need dialysis, 29% to 82% die or remain on dialysis 3 to 6 months after its initiation [2]. Therefore, effectively managing renal vasculitis and preventing patients from reaching dialysis have important consequences [2]. A post hoc analysis of ADVOCATE trial examined outcomes in a patient subgroup with severe renal insufficiency (i.e., estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≤20 ml/min per 1.73 m2) at enrollment into the trial, and observed an average eGFR increase of 16.1 and 7.7 ml/min per 1.73 m2 in the avacopan and prednisone groups, respectively (P = 0,003) [2]. This study aimed to compare the average eGFR increase in our cohort of AAV with severely reduced GFR (<20 ml/min) treated with different induction treatment schemes. Method We performed a retrospective study which included 19 patients with the diagnosis of AAV and severe renal insufficiency at onset with eGFR between 15 to 20 ml/min per 1.73 m2. We analyzed the eGFR increase after 12 months of follow-up, according to the induction treatment scheme: cyclophosphamide, rituximab, a combination of cyclophosphamide and rituximab and other (prednisone alone, prednisone with plasma exchange or prednisone with mycophenolic acid). We compared our results to those obtained in the avacopan and prednisone groups in the ADVOCATE trial. Results In the subgroup of eGFR between 15 to 30 ml/min per 1.73 m2, patients had at enrollment a mean eGFR of 21 ± 5 ml/min per 1.73 m2 and after 12 months of follow-up the mean eGFR was 41 ± 23 ml/min per 1.73 m2 with an increase of 20 ± 23 ml/min per 1.73 m2. In the subgroup of eGFR between 15 to 20 ml/min per 1.73 m2, patients had at enrollment a mean eGFR of 17 ± 2 ml/min per 1.73 m2 and after 12 months of follow-up, the mean eGFR was 35 ± 20 ml/min per 1.73 m2 with an increase of 18 ± 21 ml/min per 1.73 m2. After 12 months of follow-up, the mean increase of eGFR was 18, 17, 10 and 23 ml/min per 1.73 m2 in the cyclophosphamide, rituximab, a combination of cyclophosphamide and rituximab and other groups, respectively. We compared our results with the post hoc analysis of the ADVOCATE trial in Table 1 and our results are similar to the avacopan group and better than the prednisone group (p < 0.05). Conclusion In our cohort of eGFR between 15 to 20 ml/min per 1.73 m2 at enrollment, the mean increase in eGFR after 12 months of follow-up was similar to the avacopan group and greater than the prednisone group in the ADVOCATE trial.