Associations between longitudinal changes in sleep stages and risk of cognitive decline in older men

Author:

Wang Qianwen1,Stone Katie L2,Lu Zhengan3,Tian Shanshan1,Zheng Yongbo1,Zhao Bingxin4ORCID,Bao Yanping5ORCID,Shi Le1,Lu Lin156

Affiliation:

1. Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital) , Beijing , China

2. Department of Research Institute, California Pacific Medical Center , San Francisco, CA , USA

3. Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden

4. Department of Statistics and Data Science, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, PA,   USA

5. National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence, Peking University , Beijing , China

6. Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences and PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University , Beijing , China

Abstract

Abstract Study Objectives To investigate the relationships between longitudinal changes in sleep stages and the risk of cognitive decline in older men. Methods This study included 978 community-dwelling older men who participated in the first (2003–2005) and second (2009–2012) sleep ancillary study visits of the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men Study. We examined the longitudinal changes in sleep stages at the initial and follow-up visits, and the association with concurrent clinically relevant cognitive decline during the 6.5-year follow-up. Results Men with low to moderate (quartile 2, Q2) and moderate increase (Q3) in N1 sleep percentage had a reduced risk of cognitive decline on the modified mini-mental state examination compared to those with a substantial increase (Q4) in N1 sleep percentage. Additionally, men who experienced a low to moderate (Q2) increase in N1 sleep percentage had a lower risk of cognitive decline on the Trails B compared with men in the reference group (Q4). Furthermore, men with the most pronounced reduction (Q1) in N2 sleep percentage had a significantly higher risk of cognitive decline on the Trails B compared to those in the reference group (Q4). No significant association was found between changes in N3 and rapid eye movement sleep and the risk of cognitive decline. Conclusions Our results suggested that a relatively lower increase in N1 sleep showed a reduced risk of cognitive decline. However, a pronounced decrease in N2 sleep was associated with concurrent cognitive decline. These findings may help identify older men at risk of clinically relevant cognitive decline.

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

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