A Randomized Clinical Trial Demonstrating Feasibility and Preliminary Efficacy of a Videoconference-Delivered Physical Activity Lifestyle Intervention Among Adolescents With a Congenital Heart Defect

Author:

Jackson Jamie L12ORCID,Fox Kristen R1,Rausch Joseph R12,Swenski Taylor N1,Neville Steven P1,Marousis Noelle C1,Korth Christina X1,Cua Clifford L3,Garg Vidu234,Vannatta Kathryn12

Affiliation:

1. Center for Biobehavioral Health, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, NEOB, Third Floor, 700 Children’s Drive, Columbus, OH, USA

2. Department of Pediatrics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA

3. The Heart Center, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA

4. Center for Cardiovascular Research, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA

Abstract

Abstract Background Individuals with congenital heart defects are at increased risk for developing further cardiovascular complications, which can be mitigated by increasing physical activity. Given that positive health behaviors begin declining during older adolescence, it is vital to promote lifestyle changes in this population. Purpose The current study aims to (a) determine the feasibility/acceptability of the Congenital Heart Disease Physical Activity Lifestyle (CHD-PAL) intervention among adolescents (ages 15–18) with moderate and complex congenital heart defects, and (b) estimate the preliminary efficacy of CHD-PAL for increasing time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and cardiorespiratory fitness and decreasing sedentary behavior. Methods Eligible participants were randomized into either CHD-PAL (eight 30-min videoconferencing sessions over 20 weeks with an interventionist + Fitbit + exercise prescription) or a comparator (Fitbit + exercise prescription). Results Sixty adolescents were randomized (76% recruitment rate; 94% of participants were retained from baseline to follow-up). Most adolescents (73%) and their parents/guardians (76%) reported that the trial was enjoyable. While there was no effect of arm on change in MVPA, sedentary behavior, or cardiorespiratory fitness for the entire sample, among those who engaged in <21 min of MVPA on average at baseline, adolescents in the CHD-PAL intervention had an increase of 16 min/day of MVPA more than comparators (d = 0.90). Conclusions The CHD-PAL intervention warrants examination in a larger trial to establish efficacy among those adolescents with a congenital heart defect who engage in <21 min of MVPA/day and should include follow-up assessments to examine effect durability. Clinical trials registration NCT03335475.

Funder

National Institutes of Health

National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute

National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences

Research Institute and the Heart Center at Nationwide Children’s Hospital

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Psychiatry and Mental health,General Psychology

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