The intersection of nitrogen nutrition and water use in plants: new paths toward improved crop productivity

Author:

Plett Darren C1ORCID,Ranathunge Kosala2ORCID,Melino Vanessa J1ORCID,Kuya Noriyuki3,Uga Yusaku3,Kronzucker Herbert J14ORCID

Affiliation:

1. School of Agriculture and Food, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia

2. School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Perth, Australia

3. Institute of Crop Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan

4. Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

Abstract

Abstract Water and nitrogen availability limit crop productivity globally more than most other environmental factors. Plant availability of macronutrients such as nitrate is, to a large extent, regulated by the amount of water available in the soil, and, during drought episodes, crops can become simultaneously water and nitrogen limited. In this review, we explore the intricate relationship between water and nitrogen transport in plants, from transpiration-driven mass flow in the soil to uptake by roots via membrane transporters and channels and transport to aerial organs. We discuss the roles of root architecture and of suberized hydrophobic root barriers governing apoplastic water and nitrogen movement into the vascular system. We also highlight the need to identify the signalling cascades regulating water and nitrogen transport, as well as the need for targeted physiological analyses of plant traits influencing water and nitrogen uptake. We further advocate for incorporation of new phenotyping technologies, breeding strategies, and agronomic practices to improve crop yield in water- and nitrogen-limited production systems.

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Plant Science,Physiology

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