Affiliation:
1. Programa de Genómica Funcional de Procariotes, Centro de Ciencias Genómicas—Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (CCG—UNAM), Cuernavaca, Morelos, C.P. 62210, Mexico
Abstract
Abstract
The metalloenzyme arginase hydrolyzes l-arginine to produce l-ornithine and urea. In bacteria, arginase has important functions in basic nitrogen metabolism and redistribution, production of the key metabolic precursor l-ornithine, stress resistance and pathogenesis. We describe the regulation and specific functions of the arginase pathway as well as summarize key characteristics of related arginine catabolic pathways. The use of arginase-derived ornithine as a precursor molecule is reviewed. We discuss the biochemical and transcriptional regulation of arginine metabolism, including arginase, with the latter topic focusing on the RocR and AhrC transcriptional regulators in the model organism Bacillus subtilis. Finally, we consider similarities and contrasts in the structure and catalytic mechanism of the arginases from Bacillus caldovelox and Helicobacter pylori. The overall aim of this review is to provide a panorama of the diversity of physiological functions, regulation and biochemical features of arginases in a variety of bacterial species.
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Subject
Infectious Diseases,Microbiology
Cited by
17 articles.
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