Affiliation:
1. Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte 31270-901 , Brazil
2. Pós-Graduacão em Zoologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte 31270-901 , Brazil
3. Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras, Universidade de São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto 14040-901 , Brazil
Abstract
Abstract
Morphological data are a fundamental source of evidence to reconstruct the Tree of Life, and Bayesian phylogenetic methods are increasingly being used for this task. Bayesian phylogenetic analyses require the use of evolutionary models, which have been intensively studied in the past few years, with significant improvements to our knowledge. Notwithstanding, a systematic evaluation of the performance of partitioned models for morphological data has never been performed. Here we evaluate the influence of partitioned models, defined by anatomical criteria, on the precision and accuracy of summary tree topologies considering the effects of model misspecification. We simulated datasets using partitioning schemes, trees, and other properties obtained from two empirical datasets, and conducted Bayesian phylogenetic analyses. Additionally, we reanalyzed 32 empirical datasets for different groups of vertebrates, applying unpartitioned and partitioned models, and, as a focused study case, we reanalyzed a dataset including living and fossil armadillos, testing alternative partitioning hypotheses based on functional and ontogenetic modules. We found that, in general, partitioning by anatomy has little influence on summary topologies analyzed under alternative partitioning schemes with a varying number of partitions. Nevertheless, models with unlinked branch lengths, which account for heterotachy across partitions, improve topological precision at the cost of reducing accuracy. In some instances, more complex partitioning schemes led to topological changes, as tested for armadillos, mostly associated with models with unlinked branch lengths. We compare our results with other empirical evaluations of morphological data and those from empirical and simulation studies of the partitioning of molecular data, considering the adequacy of anatomical partitioning relative to alternative methods of partitioning morphological datasets. [Evolutionary rates; heterogeneity; morphology; Mk model; partition; topology.]
Funder
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
CAPES
São Paulo Research Foundation
Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Subject
Genetics,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Cited by
2 articles.
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