Follow-up of immune response in patients with common variable immunodeficiency following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination

Author:

Gutiérrez-Bautista Juan Francisco123ORCID,Díaz-Alberola Irene23,Tarriño María4,Aguilera María4,Cobo Fernando34,Reguera Juan Antonio34,Rodríguez-Granger Javier34,Mendoza Joaquín5,López-Nevot Miguel Ángel123,Sampedro Antonio34

Affiliation:

1. Departamento de Bioquímica, Biología Molecular e Inmunología III, University of Granada , Granada , Spain

2. Servicio de Análisis Clínicos e Inmunología, University Hospital Virgen de las Nieves , Granada , Spain

3. Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA) , Granada , Spain

4. Servicio de Microbiología, University Hospital Virgen de las Nieves , Granada , Spain

5. Vircell S.L. , Granada , Spain

Abstract

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the importance of effective vaccination strategies in controlling the spread of infectious diseases. SARS-CoV-2 vaccine has demonstrated high efficacy in preventing COVID-19 infection in the general population. However, the efficacy of this vaccine in patients with predominantly antibody deficiencies, such as common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) and X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA), should be closely monitored. CVID and XLA are rare genetic disorders that impair the immune system’s ability to produce antibodies, which are crucial for fighting infections. Patients with these disorders have a higher risk of severe disease and mortality from COVID-19 due to their compromised immune systems. In this study, we evaluated the humoral and cellular immune responses after four doses of mRNA-1273 and one BNT162b2 bivalent vaccine in a cohort of patients with CVID and XLA. The response in this population was lower than in the control group. However, the administration of the third dose improved the number of patients with seroconversion and the intensity of the humoral response, as well as the number of patients with a positive cellular response. Finally, the administration of the fourth and fifth doses improves the antibody titer and neutralization against wild type variant, but not against the prevalent XBB1.5 variant.

Funder

Instituto de Salud Carlos III

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Reference37 articles.

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